4 Enabling technologies
4.1 Energy

Power and energy storage technologies are enablers for the deployment of IoT applications. Energy issues, in all its phases, from harvesting to conservation and usage, are central to the development of the IoT. These technologies have to provide high power-density energy generation and harvesting solutions which, when used with today’s low power nanoelectronics, will enable us to design self-powered intelligent sensor-based wireless identifiable device. There is still a need to research and develop solutions in this area (nanoelectronics, semiconductor, sensor technology, micro systems integration) having as an objective ultra low power devices, and more efficient and compact energy storage like batteries, fuel cells, and printed/polymer batteries, as current devices seem inadequate considering the processing power needed and energy limitations of the future. In addition, system integration will increase efficiency of current systems, and will provide a number of solutions for the future needs.